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Windows XP , which is the next version of Windows NT after Windows and the successor to the consumer-oriented Windows Me , has been released in several editions since its original release in Windows XP is available in many languages. The Commission concluded that Microsoft "broke European Union competition law by leveraging its near monopoly in the market for PC operating systems onto the markets for work group server operating systems and for media players".
After unsuccessful appeals in and , Microsoft reached an agreement with the Commission where it would release a court-compliant version, Windows XP Edition N. This version does not include the company's Windows Media Player but instead encourages users to pick and download their own media player.
Because it is sold at the same price as the version with Windows Media Player included, Dell , Hewlett-Packard , Lenovo and Fujitsu Siemens have chosen not to stock the product. However, Dell did offer the operating system for a short time. Consumer interest has been low, with roughly 1, units shipped to OEMs , and no reported sales to consumers. Unlike that decision, however, Microsoft was also forced to withdraw the non-compliant versions of Windows from the South Korean market.
Both editions contain links to third-party instant messenger and media player software. It is similar to Windows XP Home, but is limited to low-end hardware, can only run 3 programs at a time, and has some other features either removed or disabled by default. The Starter edition includes some special features for certain markets where consumers may not be computer literate. Not found in the Home Edition, these include localised help features for those who may not speak English, a country-specific computer wallpaper [17] and screensavers , and other default settings designed for easier use than typical Windows XP installations.
The Malaysian version, for example, contains a desktop background of the Kuala Lumpur skyline. In addition, the Starter edition also has some unique limitations to prevent it from displacing more expensive versions of Windows XP.
There is also a MB limit on main memory and a GB disk size limit. There are also fewer options for customizing the themes, desktop, and taskbar. In many markets where it is available, pirated versions of higher end versions of Windows are more popular than their legal counterparts. In these markets, non-genuine copies of XP Professional can be obtained at a mall.
This edition, which was code-named "Freestyle" during its development, was first released in September After the release, Microsoft focused their efforts on building new media center features into "Home Premium" and "Ultimate" editions of Windows Vista and Windows 7 , which have Windows Media Center built-in and, unlike the releases of Windows XP Media Center Edition, were available for retail purchase without the necessary hardware.
The most notable feature unique to this edition is the Windows Media Center, which provides a large-font, remotely accessible interface " foot user interface " for television viewing on the computer as well as recording and playback, a TV guide, DVD playback, video playback, photo viewing, and music playback.
Unlike competing commercial digital video recorder products, Microsoft does not charge a monthly subscription fee for its Media Center TV guide service. Due to strict hardware requirements, Microsoft did not sell Media Center Edition in retail markets alongside the Home and Professional editions.
Consumers generally purchase Media Center pre-installed on a new computer, or from a reseller that sells OEM versions of Microsoft software. Media Center Edition was the only consumer-oriented edition of Windows XP that was updated with new features on an annual basis during the five-year development of Windows Vista. Microsoft also released its own remote control , receiver and infrared blaster with MCE A new specially designed wireless computer keyboard for MCE was released September Media Center Edition retains most of the features included in Windows XP Professional as it is simply an add-on to Professional, installed when provided with a valid MCE product key during setup.
All Professional features have been left in, including Remote Desktop and the Encrypting File System , however the ability to join an Active Directory domain has been removed as it is marketed as a home product with no need for domain support. One value in the registry is all that is needed to circumvent this restriction; [30] if the installation of MCE is an in-place upgrade from a previous version already joined to a domain, this ability is retained, unless a user uses a Windows Media Center Extender: in this case, such ability is lost and cannot be restored.
Presumably, Microsoft introduced this limit because Media Center Extender devices, introduced in this version, rely on the Fast User Switching component, but this component must be disabled in order to join a domain. Media Center has higher hardware requirements than other editions of Windows XP.
MCE requires at least a 1. Media Center is much more restricted in the range of hardware that it supports than most other software DVR solutions. Media Center tuners must have a standardized driver interface, and they originally required a hardware MPEG-2 encoder, closed caption support, and a number of other features. Media Center remote controls are standardized in terms of button labels and functionality, and, to a degree, general layout.
Windows XP Tablet PC Edition is compatible with a pen-sensitive screen, supporting handwritten notes and portrait-oriented screens.
Requirements to install Tablet PC Edition include a tablet digitizer or touchscreen device, and hardware control buttons including a Ctrl-Alt-Delete shortcut button, scrolling buttons, and at least one user-configurable application button. This version brought improved handwriting recognition and improved the Input Panel, allowing it to be used in almost every application.
The Input Panel was also revised to extend speech recognition services input and correction to other applications. In addition, it includes some of the following components:.
This is a data type created as part of the Windows XP Tablet PC Edition API that allows users to manipulate and process handwritten data, including recognition results and, in some cases, the pressure information for each part of the stroke. Properties of Ink can be changed in much the same way as properties of other objects, and the data can be saved to allow future reference. Many applications referencing the Ink object also allow handwritten notes to be filtered and searched through, based on the recognition results stored when Ink is saved.
Integrated with the operating system is a Tablet PC Input Panel TIP which allows handwriting to be converted into text for use in most non-full-screen applications. Accuracy can be increased by configuring the recognizer to expect left-handed writing or right-handed writing. Recognition in a variety of languages is available with the install of a recognizer pack. The handwriting engine cannot be trained to recognize a particular handwriting style, so the user must modify their handwriting to be better recognized by the system in order to use this feature effectively.
Speech recognition functionality is also incorporated into the Tablet Input Panel. Compared to previous versions, a substantially improved speech recognition engine version 6 which also ships with Office and a tutorial, microphone wizard and training modules are included. It is possible to dictate text using speech in certain supported applications and control the Windows GUI and applications using speech, although the accuracy improvements further made in Windows Vista surpass these features.
In , Microsoft made available two additional editions of Windows XP Home Edition for hardware manufacturers that wanted to provide subscription-based or pay as you go-based [ clarification needed Link to correct article ] models for selling computers. These editions, named Windows XP Home Edition for Subscription Computers, and Windows XP Home Edition for Prepaid Computers respectively, are part of the " Microsoft FlexGo " initiative, described in a company-issued press release as, "[making] PCs more accessible by dramatically reducing the entry cost and enabling customers to pay for their computer as they use it, through the purchase of prepaid cards.
Market trials are starting first in emerging markets where inadequate access to consumer credit, unpredictable income and high entry costs prevent many consumers from purchasing a computer.
Both editions contain additional components that enforce the subscription models via metering. The installation of Windows operates in "normal mode", "Limited Access Mode", or "Hardware Locked Mode" depending on the state of the subscription. When a computer has a positive time balance, it operates in "normal mode" and functions as a regular Windows XP Home Edition machine.
When the time balance expires, the machine will then operate in "Limited Access Mode" for an amount of time set by the hardware manufacturer five hours by default before entering "Hardware Locked Mode". In Limited Access Mode, the screen uses high-contrast and low-resolution display settings, and in Hardware Locked Mode, the operating system is disabled entirely, and a message is displayed on boot-up with instructions on how to re-enable the machine. This edition was discontinued in January , after Hewlett-Packard , the last distributor of Itanium-based workstations, stopped selling Itanium systems marketed as 'workstations'.
Windows XP Bit Edition was not marketed as the Itanium version of Microsoft's other Windows XP editions, but, instead, as a separate edition made solely for the Itanium processor and its bit instructions. Similar to the ability of previous alternate architecture ports of Windows Windows NT 4. While the original Itanium processor contains an on-chip IA decoder, it was deemed far too slow for serious use running at about MHz , so Microsoft and Intel wrote a software 32 to bit translator dubbed the IA Execution Layer.
It allows real time translation of x86 bit instructions into IA instructions, allowing bit applications to run albeit significantly more slowly than native code. This edition supports the x extension of the Intel IA architecture. It was released on April 25, Windows XP Professional x64 Edition uses version 5. Even service packs and updates for Windows XP x64 and Windows Server x64 are distributed in unified packages, [41] much in the manner as Windows Professional and Server editions for x Since the x architecture includes hardware-level support for bit instructions, WOW64 switches the processor between and bit modes.
According to Microsoft, bit software running under WOW64 has a similar performance when executing under bit Windows, but with fewer threads possible and other overheads. Although bit applications can be run transparently, the mixing of the two types of code within the same process is not allowed.
A bit application cannot link against a bit library DLL and, similarly, a bit application cannot link against a bit library. This may lead to the need for library developers to provide both and bit binary versions of their libraries. Windows XP x64 Edition includes both and bit versions of Internet Explorer 6 , in order to allow for the possibility that some third-party browser plugins or ActiveX controls may not yet be available in bit versions.
Older bit drivers and services are not supported by bit Windows, but video and audio codecs such as XviD or OggDS which are bit DLLs , are supported as long as the media player that uses them is bit as well. XP x64 does qualify the customer to use an upgrade copy of Windows Vista or Windows 7, but it must be installed as a clean install. The primary benefit of moving to bit is the increase in the maximum allocatable virtual memory.
A single standard process on a bit Windows operating system is limited to a total of 2,, kilobytes 2 GB minus one 4 KB page , while large address aware [45] bit processes can allocate up to 4 GB. Windows XP x64 can support much more memory; although the theoretical memory limit a bit computer can address is about 16 exabytes , Windows XP x64 is limited to GB of physical memory and 8 terabytes of virtual memory per process while the practical limit is usually the size of the pagefile.
The extra registers of the x architecture can result in performance improvements in certain kinds of applications, but more often than not, will result in a slight decrease in performance when compared to the same application implemented in 32 bit x86 code running on Windows XP 32 bit editions.
An original equipment manufacturer is free to choose only the components needed thereby reducing operating system footprint and also reducing attack area as compared with XP Professional. Unlike Windows CE , Microsoft's operating system for portable devices and consumer electronics, XP Embedded provides the full Windows API , and support for the full range of applications and device drivers written for Microsoft Windows.
XPe was released on November 28, The devices targeted for XPe have included automatic teller machines , arcade games , slot machines , cash registers , industrial robotics , thin clients , set-top boxes , network attached storage NAS , time clocks , navigation devices, railroad locomotives, etc. Windows Embedded Standard succeeded XPe in the second half of Windows Embedded Standard is derived from Windows XP Embedded since Microsoft at the time of its development did not have a componentized version of Windows Vista.
NET Framework 3. It was released on May 25, , and focuses on the point of sale device market, such as fuel pumps, self checkout stations, automated teller machines and cash registers. It is only available to Software Assurance customers. It is intended for those who would like to upgrade to Windows XP to take advantage of its security and management capabilities, but cannot afford to purchase new hardware. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
See also: Windows Media Center. See also: Windows Embedded. Retrieved June 7, July 2, Archived from the original on June 28,
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